What is diabetes?

What is diabetes?  

What we know as diabetes is the full name of diabetes 'Diabetes Mellitus'.  Diabetes means excess urine and melitus means sweet (honey like) - honey sweet urine means diabetes mellitus aka diabetes mellitus.  Hereafter, for the sake of simplicity, the disease is referred to only as diabetes.  can  In a diabetic patient, there is a deficiency of the endocrine insulin that regulates the body's glucose.  

The main function of insulin is to transport glucose molecules from the blood into the patient's cells.  Due to the lack of insulin, the glucose molecules from the blood do not reach the patient's cells and as a result, even though there is plenty of glucose in the body, it cannot be used by the body's cells.  The condition of the body becomes like a state full of disorder and anarchy in which people die of hunger even though plenty of food is ripening.  

Even though there is plenty of glucose in the body, the cells of a diabetic patient survive the lack of glucose.  As the amount of glucose in the blood increases (more than 180 mg/day), excess glucose in the blood starts to leave the body through urine.  This important nutrient that nourishes the body is wasted in this way and the condition of the patient becomes worse.  He feels very hungry, thirsty and urinates a lot;  And in the long run many complications arise due to damage to eyes, heart, kidneys, nerves etc.  

What is the normal sugar in the blood-urine of a healthy person?  

First of all let's understand what is 'sugar'.  'Sugar' can mean 'Sakar' in Gujarati or 'Sharkara' in Sanskrit.  Generally, when there is talk of 'sugar' in blood or urine, it is believed to be about glucose.  Glucose is an important fuel that provides energy to body cells.  There are three main components of energy in our food – carbohydrates;  Protein and fat.  Carbohydrates, the most abundant of these three, are present in food in many different forms.  Grains, pulses, potatoes, sweet potatoes, tubers, fruits, vegetables etc. have a large proportion of carbohydrates.  When carbohydrates in different forms After the food is digested when ingested, most of it is eventually converted into glucose.  

If you have not eaten anything during the whole night, take every 100 ml on an empty stomach the next morning.  Approximately 75 to 115 mg in blood.  As much glucose is found in a healthy person.  After taking food, the glucose released from it gets mixed in the blood within two to three hours.  Every day after eating food, the blood glucose level increases dramatically for about half an hour to two hours.  A healthy person's blood glucose level two hours after taking a normal daily meal is always 140 mg.  / Daily.  is less than ;  And the glucose content at any time during these two hours is 180 mg.  / Daily.  is less than  A healthy person's urine should normally not contain any sugar at all.  

How much sugar is called diabetes?  

The World Health Organization (WHO) has defined several criteria (CRITERIA) to diagnose the main categories of diabetes.  This diagnosis is made based on the amount of glucose in the blood of a person.  Glucose in the blood is checked by different methods, but usually the part of the blood known as plasma is checked in the laboratory, so plasma glucose levels are taken in the accompanying table.  When glucose is measured with Glucomit 2, its amount is 15 to 20 mg more than the amount shown in this table.  is less.

The amount of glucose needed to diagnose diabetes.

Points for Diagnosing Diabetes: 

If on two different days, after fasting for eight to fourteen hours, the blood glucose level is 126 mg.d.l.  If it is more than that, the person can be said to have diabetes.  

If at least twice, at any time of the day, the blood glucose level is 200 mg.  / Daily.  If it is known more than that person can also be said to have diabetes.  

When the amount of glucose is 140 to 200 mg.  It is necessary to determine whether diabetes is present or not based on the patient's symptoms and, if necessary, the test done by drinking glucose while in the middle of the day.  

Normally 180 mg in blood.  / Daily.  It appears in the urine only when there is more than glucose.  So, if a person has glucose (sugar) in his urine, then (with some exceptions) there is a possibility that he has diabetes.  Since it is very easy to determine whether there is glucose in the urine or not, in many places a urine test is done to verify the diagnosis of diabetes.  

A test done this way is less precise than a blood test but much easier and cheaper.  This method is very useful in places with less facilities (eg in villages).  If the sample taken (1) within two hours and (2) exactly two hours after drinking glucose - both of these show glucose more than 200, the diagnosis of diabetes is immediately confirmed.  If a blood test is to be done after taking glucose, the patient's diet should be completely normal (containing at least 150 grams of glucose per day) for at least three days before the test.  250 to 300 ml.  The test should be done by putting 75 grams (100 grams in pregnancy) of glucose in water.

History and Tomorrow of Diabetes The disease is mentioned

in ancient (1500 BC) Chinese and Arabic literature.  Madhuprameha is also mentioned in the texts of Sushruta (400 BC) and Charaka (6 AD).  Thus, this disease is very old.  Today, among men aged 30 to 64 in India, about 3.7 percent in rural areas and 11.8 percent in urban areas and 1.7 percent and 6.6 percent in women suffer from diabetes.  Today about two crore people in India are suffering from diabetes.  Is.  In 2025, there will be approximately 300 million diabetic patients in the world, of which approximately 60 million patients will be in India alone.  India will be number one in the number of diabetic patients.  Looking at these statistics, it is very important for every Indian descendant to try to stay away from the factors that can lead to diabetes.